Gingival crevicular fluid alkaline phosphatase levels and radiographic evaluation of alveolar bone loss in chronic periodontitis.

Rellyca Sola Gracea

Institute

Department of Dentomaxillofacial Radiology, Faculty of Dentistry, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Indonesia

Abstract

Introduction: Chronic periodontitis is one of the common oral diseases in the community, diagnosed by measuring attachment loss of the ligament support and alveolar bone loss. Diagnostic biomarkers had also been developed from gingival crevicular fluid (GCF), such as alkaline phosphatase (ALP).
Aim: This study aimed to evaluate the relationship between GCF ALP levels in chronic periodontitis patients and radiographic evaluation of alveolar bone loss, such as the depth of the pocket and greyvalue of CBCT.
Material and methods: 35 chronic periodontitis patients were included in this study to take CBCT radiographs and GCF samples. Alveolar bone loss was measured in CBCT sagittal view. Alveolar bone greyvalue was measured with ImageJ. The region of interest was extracted from CBCT coronal view with a slice on the alveolar bone as close as possible to teeth, evading lamina dura. GCF samples were taken using PerioPaper and analyzed colorimetrically for the ALP levels. Pearson correlation was used to assess the relationship of each measurement result.
Results: There was a significant negative correlation (p <0.05) between alveolar bone loss and density (-0,694). Alveolar bone loss was significantly correlated with GCF ALP levels (0,659). Alveolar bone greyvalue had a moderate and negative correlation with GCF ALP levels (-,0584).
Conclusion: GCF ALP level and radiographic evaluation of alveolar bone loss are related to the severity of chronic periodontitis.
Keywords: Alveolar bone greyvalue, Alveolar bone loss, ALP, CBCT, GCF, Chronic Periodontitis